MERCURY THERMOMETER DISPORAL

The problems of utilization and liquidation of mercury-containing devices are investigated. In process of writing the article the stages of development of mercury-containing thermometers in world history were studied. The structure of the mercury devise and principle of operation of the thermometers were presented. Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of mercury were characterized. The questions of negative impact on the environment and human health by mercury vapor are reviewed. Effect on the human body in contact with mercury by any means, as well as existing types of reflection (acute poisoning of mercury vapor, chronic poisoning of mercury vapor, micromercurism) from it were reviewed in detail. In humans, approximately 80% of inhaled mercury vapor is retained. The possibility of mercury-containing substances in the soil and water bodies is indicated. The disposal methods and recycling wastes of mercury-containing namely home disposal, disposal at specialized collection points and industrial scale utilization devices are given. As an example, some streets of the city Kiev were given the reception points for mercury thermometers, batteries, fluorescent lamps are available. In the article demercurization methods were described (amalgamation, firing at high temperatures, thermal method, chemical and metallurgical methods). Minamat Convention, the purpose of which was to minimize mercury in industry and in everyday life was presented. The countries that took part in signing the convention, as well as those that have been drafted were indicated as a percentage. Every possible analogs namely electronic, galinstanoved and infrared of mercury thermometers and their distinctive features are indicated. Advantages and disadvantages of all types of thermometers, including mercury thermometers, were characterized.