Consequences of Nanoparticle-Insecticides on Aquatic and Terrestrial Non-Target Organisms: A Review

Insects create great nuisance in different manners and spread various diseases. Mosquitoes are arthropods of medical and veterinary importance as they are the vectors of deadly diseases like malaria, dengue and Zika virus. Many different methods are adopted at various parts of the world to control mosquitoes ae well as other insect pest. But challenges are faced with the adoption of such measures, which leads to resistance of target organism and harmful effects to non-target organisms. Bio-pesticides as well as nanotechnology is considered a potential eco-friendly approach in mosquito control research. Plant-mediated nanotechnology is current most and effective method to control the population of mosquitoes. Furthermore, it is analyzed from the various evidences of ill-effects of nanocomposites to the non-targets organisms including mammals, humans, and aquatic insects.