Hydrochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Part of Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh ? Using Remotesensing and GIS Techniques

Abstract:Groundwater is one of earth’s most vital renewable and widely distributed resources as well as an important source of water supply throughout the world. The quality of water is a vital concern for mankind since it is directly linked with human welfare. An attempt has been made to delineate hydrogeomorphic units from IRS P6 LISS III satellite imagery using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The ground water samples are collected from the forty eight observation wells in the study area for quality studies during May 2012 and locations are identified with GPS. Water quality parameters for drinking water standards determined using standard water quality procedures and prepared spatial distribution maps in Arc GIS environment. Groundwater is a valuable natural resource that is essential for human health, socio-economic development, and functioning of ecosystems. Various chemical constituents of water occur as dissociated particles or ions. In the present area of investigation, the chemistry of groundwater with respect to the major elements and chemically related properties has been determined. The major cations include Calcium (Ca+2), Sodium (Na+ ), Potassium (K+ ), Chloride (Cl- ), Sulphate (So4 -2 ) and Nitrate (No3 - ). The chemically related properties such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Total Hardness (TH) were also determined. Integrated overlay technique helped to delineate to prepare spatial distribution of groundwater quality for drinking purposes Potable and Non ? potable in the study area.