A study to compare using 0.5% of hyperbaric bupivacaine with clonidine and dexmedetomidine low dose for the lower limb surgeries in a tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Pain relief after Operation is one of the most common growing concern for an anesthesiologist as an uneventful postoperative period makes surgery a comfortable proposition for surgical patients. Perkins and co-workers provided an insight into the reality that poorly managed acute pain like postoperative pain can lead to the occurrence of chronic pain. Objective: To compare the effect, onset and degree of sensory and motor blockade of using Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Hydrochloride of 0.5% with clonidine along with dexmedetomidine. Materials and Methods: A Comparative study was carried out by the Department of Anesthesiology, G. R. Medical College and J. A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior (M.P.). This study was done on 120 patients who were undergoing lower limb surgery belonging to either sex with age group 18-60 years. 40 Patients were allocated into different groups by randomization technique. Results: The time of onset of sensory blockade was found to be Quicker in Group 2 & 3 when compared with Group 1 where the time was 5.78 ± 0.97 mins, 2.88 ± 0.85 mins and 2.90 ± 0.81 mins in Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 respectively.The Onset of motor blockade was found to be earlier in Group 2 & 3 as compared to Group 1 i.e. 8.38 ± 1.25 mins in Group 1, 5.28 ± 0.64 mins in Group 2 & 5.38 ± 0.63 in Group 3. Conclusion: From the study we concluded that there is no additional benefits by adding either clonidine or dexmedetomidine to hyperbaric bupivacaine resulted in increasing the action of sensory and motor blockade.