NEW APPROACH TO FIRE DANGER ESTIMATION OF FOREST AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF ACTION OF THE FOCUSED SUNLIGHT

Practice of forest fire suppression, both in the Russian Federation, and in foreign countries (for example, Southern Europe) shows, that the fires cannot be liquidated accessible technological means, and they fade only after loss of a considerable quantity of deposits. As a result of author's researches it is established, that the important factor of forest fire danger is influence of the focused sunlight. Research objective – working out of the new approach to estimation of forest fire danger on forested territories in the conditions of action of the focused sunlight. The solar energy concentrator can be as natural (large drops of pitch of coniferous trees), and anthropogenous (glass capacities with a liquid, splinters of glass products) objects. Let's illustrate an estimation of forest fire danger on an example of level of one quarter. Can be identified sites to a distinctive sign of presence in their territory: road system, water reservoir, bog, lowland, deciduous forest, mixed forest, old coniferous forest, young coniferous forest. Such division is conditional enough, but as a first approximation it reflects the most typical signs separate, enough large sites of forest. Then to be spent a consecutive exception of the sites which are not representing to fire danger. Research has shown, that the greatest danger of occurrence of forest fires in the conditions of the focused sunlight represent sites with old coniferous forest. For protection services of forests from fires following recommendations are offered: 1) periodically to update forest taxation descriptions of large forests; 2) to enter in forest taxation descriptions results of land valuation of forest fuel; 3) to carry out a precision estimation and classification of large forests by level of fire danger at level of site; 4) to consider as the basic an estimation of large forests on level of fire danger at level of quarters and local forest areas; 5) to allocate forest wardens for monitoring and supervision over fire-dangerous forest plots near to settlements; 6) in places of high concentration of fire-dangerous sites to stand the observant towers equipped with systems of video registration and remote access, for example, on channels of cellular communication GSM (with GPS- or the GLONASS-NAVIGATOR and the cellular modem); 7) in remote territories to organise optimum routes of flights of forest protaction planes for the purpose of monitoring of the most fire-dangerous territories; 8) at availability of the satellite information first of all to process land sounding pictures of dangerous territories. New approach to classification of forested territories by level of fire danger in the conditions of influence on forest fuel of the concentrated fluxes of solar energy is developed. Practical recommendations for protection services of forests on increase of reliability of the forecast of forest fire danger are offered.