Genomic and Chromosome Mutations in Complex with Environmental and Lifestyle Factors as Reasons for Azoospermia and Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia

The aim of the present study was to investigate and characterize the manifestation of genomic and chromosomal mutations in complex with the environmental and lifestyle factors as reasons for azoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia by applying a classical cytogenetic assay and questionnaire survey. 1540 men were included in the survey. By conventional sperm analysis, 183 of them were diagnosed with azoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Based on the cytogenetic analysis, it was concluded that trisomies, in particular Klinefelter syndrome, and structural chromosome aberrations such as translocations and chromatid fragmentation, are directly related to male infertility. Together with harmful habits such as smoking and alcohol use, they are among the major causes of azoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. The results obtained could be successfully used in the implementation of a system of activities for the prophylaxis of male reproductive health.