POTENTIALS OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS OF DISORDERS OF DENTOFACIAL SYSTEM

Electromyography (EMG) is a functional research method, which is one of the most objective and important modern diagnostic methods, increasingly being introduced into the modern dental practice. The distinctive features of the electromyography method are availability and simplicity of implementation, the ability to study several muscle groups, besides, electromyography is easily tolerated by adults and children. Based on the analysis of literature data, we have shown the role of electromyography of muscles of the maxillofacial region in the diagnosis of anomalies of the dentition and in the choice of tactics of orthodontic treatment and in the subsequent prosthetic rehabilitation of the dentofacial system. In the article, the principle of implementation of electromyographic research, the main types of electromyography and the most important parameters that can be obtained using this method, are described. A comparative analysis of the main EMG parameters of healthy individuals and of those with pathological conditions of the maxillofacial region was carried out. Differences in electromyography parameters between patients of different age groups were indicated. The relationship between the functional changes and the state of the temporomandibular joint is described. Positive results of use of the method of electromyography for diagnosis of dental diseases and the subsequent orthodontic treatment are presented where the method permitted objective assessment and control of the effectiveness of carried out manipulations.