PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA (BASED ON THE CLINICAL CASE)

In this paper, based on the material of patient's self-description of his illness, the study of psychological factors of schizophrenia development is presented. The clinical case of a young man with schizotypic disorder undergoing treatment in a day psychiatric hospital is analized. The study was conducted as a part of clinical psychopathological, experimental psychological and phenomenological analysis. It was emphasized that patient's upbringing by the type of dominant hyperprotection served as the basis for his psychasthenic conflict formation which was reflected in the further development of neurosis-like symptoms. Since adolescence, the patient has had an obsessive fear of germs, a fear of geing sick. Later, rituals in the form of obsessive hand washing joined. Pathological fantasy with rudimentary pseudo-hallucinations occupies a significant place in the clinical picture. Psychological and psychotherapeutic studies of schizophrenia are extremely difficult due to the fact that patients do not want to reveal their inner world in detail to a doctor or psychologist. That is why in this work, as a method of obtaining additional information about the patient, his own description of the history of the disease for more than a decade is used. Writing the medical history was proposed to the patient as the ma in the r apeuti c me thod. Some information related to the psychogenic nature of existing disorders, upbringing conditions, cognitive aitudes, internal contradictions and the ideas of persecution was also obtained in the process of psychotherapy. In the course of patient's description of his illness history, the connection of his symptoms with the living conditions, mental trauma in early childhood, and the current emotional state was reflected. It is concluded that psychotherapy as a pathogenetic intervention can play an important role in the initial and manifest stages of the disease, helping to minimize the maladaptive effect of the disease.