Vertical and Horizontal Packet Integration Techniques for the Optical Internet

Hybrid packet networks where circuit and packet networks coexist are becoming good-looking to support future Internet applications. They support both packet/ IP services and circuit/wavelength services. Packet services include conventional data services such as VPN, VoIP, and email, while dynamic circuit services include end-to-end bandwidth-intensive applications such as tera scale science experiments. In at hand hybrid networks, such as ESnet, the bandwidth boundary between the circuit and packet section of the network is permanent. However, a flexible boundary between the circuit and packet sections will enable cost-efficient bandwidth management in the network. Our study examine two methods to dynamically migrate capacity between the circuit and packet sections, called vertical stacking and horizontal partition, and serves as a tutorial.