Forward and Reverse Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Remanufacturing Approach

Abstract A closed-loop supply chain is referred as the return processes of a product for remanufacturing where the manufacturer added some additional value of the product. It consists of both the forward and the reverse supply chain. The forward supply chain includes the production and the distribution of the product where the reverse supply chain includes the return processes of the used and unused product collected from the regional collection centers. The remanufacturing logistics supply chain describe in a supply chain management system which is based on the closed-loop supply chain management system. We observe the implication of the remanufacturing waste materials to be reused or to be resale in an open market. In this paper, shortages are not considered. Finally, we discuss how environmental factors are applicable to the entire chain of the supply chain management system. Keywords: Forward supply chain, Reverse supply chain, Remanufacturing waste materials, Closed-loop supply chain.