Optimization of the Formulation of Antidiabetic Functional Drinks According to Sorghum, Red Ginger, and Aromatic Pandan Leaves in Type II Diabetes Rats

Diabetes Mellitus II (DM II) is a metabolic disorder due to the pancreas not producing enough insulin, so that blood glucose increases. There is no cure for DM II. Treatment for DM II focuses on glycemic control with proper diet or exercise. Pharmacological therapy to treat glycemic control causes side effects such as hypoglycemia, cholestasis, aplastic anemia, and hemolytic anemia. The aim of this study was to obtain the optimum formulation of functional drinks sorghum bran-based, red ginger and aromatic pandanus and to evaluated the antidiabetic activity produced. Optimization was done using RSM (Response Surface Methodology). Results suggested 52.5% sorghum bran powder, 12.5% red ginger powder, and 35% aromatic pandan powder as the optimum formulation for functional drink. The optimum formula of functional drinks showed total phenol of 29.60 mgGAE/g and antioxidant activity of IC50 of 113.67 ppm. The results of in vivo testing showed that the bioactive compounds of sorghum bran-based functional drinks, red ginger, and aromatic pandan leaves of 360 mg/200g bw had antioxidant and antidiabetic activity, because they were able to reduce blood glucose levels by 59.8% and improve pancreatic beta cells profile of diabetic male rats in the fourth week