Common Bile Duct Stones: A Therapeutic Challenge

Common bile duct stones (CBD) continue to pose the greatest challenge to the general surgeon. The morbidity associated with CBD stones is extremely high. Management of CBD calculi requires a systematic approach to keep the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition to a bare minimum. With the advent of advances in interventional endoscopy to manage CBD calculi, selecting the best approach is the biggest challenge. The article discusses the complexities underlying the pathophysiology and management of CBD calculi.