Treatment Options for Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are of great concern and often related to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapemenase - producing bacteria, which represent an increasing global threat. The therapy of nosocomial infections due to these MDR Gram-negative bacteria is challenging also because some of the new active drugs are not available in Bulgaria. In this paper we review the potential of some drugs (ceftolozane-tazobactam, ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, imipenem-relebactam, plazomicin, cefiderocol, eravactclin) and their action in vitro on Gram-negative bacteria that pose a major problem in hospital infection pathology. The recommendations to the use of these new drugs can be evaluated from a clinical point of view as an alternative for the treatment of severe life-threatening infections, but also as an opportunity to give an opinion in this field, while awaiting more definitive data after we have gained good practical experience.