Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria – a Problem for Hospital Infectious Pathology

The spread of multidrug-resistant /MDR/ Gram-negative bacteria in the hospital setting is a worldwide problem. In this study we present data about the resistance to antimicrobials of some problematic for hospital infectious pathology bacteria – Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the model of a multiprofile hospital. There has been an increase in ESBLs-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains, isolated especially in some so-called “risky units” at the Military Medical Academy /MMA/ for the last years. There were also registered the first strains E. coli, producing metallo-beta-lactamase NDM1. The data show specific association between the blaNDM-1 and rmtB genes conferring high-level resistance to all aminoglycosides in these strains. Non-fermenting A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa strains isolated usually are multiresistant with high-level resistance to carbapenems and other beta-lactams and quinolones, and the resistance to carbapenems in A. baumanni strains is associated with the production of Oxa 23, Oxa 58 and Oxa 72 carbapenemases, but not metallo-beta-lactamas.