INTEGRASI HARGA BERAS ERA PERDAGANGAN TERBUKA DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP SWASEMBADA DAN KESEJAHTERAAN PELAKU EKONOMI BERAS

Trust through the rice world market was not considered as a populist option than the reach of rice self-sufficiency. Its volatility could negatively affect on domestic rice condition. This research analyzed (a) integration of domestic rice price at the world and regional market level, and (b) its impact on the rice self-sufficiency and the welfare of rice economic agents. The approach used joint methods, includes (a) error correction model (ECM), (b) index of market connection (IMC), and (c) simultaneous equations model. Secondary data was used in the period year 1998-2017. The result shows that domestic rice price is integrated with world rice price in open market regimes (the year 1998-1999) and open controlled market regimes (the year 2000-2007 and year 2008-2017). While at the regional level, rice prices in Jakarta with some of the big cities were relatively not integrated. Rice price transmission has revealed a trade-off between increasing producer's and consumer's welfare on free-market regimes compared with open under control regimes. Moreover, surprisingly, the free-market policy was more stimulating to increase producer's welfare than opened under the control regime. Rice self-sufficiency level decreasing represented resource reallocation. Hence, free trade rice policy is not a sin. It should be a potential option to help meet domestic rice needs.