Energy Evaluation of Kala Zeera (Bunium persicum Bios.) cultivation under Gurez valley of Temperate Kashmir

Energy being the critical aspect of agricultural production, the modern agricultural system takes into account all the agricultural operations in terms of energy input and the yield obtained as energy output. It is this energy balance equation which describes the viability of a system. Depending upon the variation in energy consumption among various agro–climatic and environmental conditions and the output therein, a wide variation exists in the viability of these systems. In the present study, the energy balance in Kala zeera management system was taken into consideration. Data and information were collected and different energy use efficiency indices were calculated. Amon the production practices in Kala zeera cultivation, consumed root tubers for sowing were the most energy consuming input (43.32%) followed by diesel fuel (20.28 %) and Nitrogen (18.30). the total energy input could be classified in Kala zeera fields as direct ( 10.80%), indirect (25.60%), renewable (43.3%) and non-renewable (20.27%). Overall in view of sustainability, it is recommended that major input consumptive processes shall be optimized to increase energy use efficiency