Digital and Graphic Based Self Care Stimulation Methods to Improve Defecation Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Defecation skills independence in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders is still a challenge for parents. Independence of defecation skills that can be obtained by children with Autism Spectrum Disorders early on, can improve the quality of life of children in the future. The use of visual media such as pictures with real objects could facilitate children with Autism Spectrum Disorders to understand the material being taught. This study aims to study the effects of self-care stimulation methods on defecation skills in early childhood with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were given in this study, with nonprobability sampling technique: total sampling. A total of 50 early children with Autism Spectrum Disorders were divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=25) and the control group (n=25). The control group was given intervention in the form of daily routine training, and the experimental group was given defecation training with digital and graphic-based self-care stimulation methods. The measurement scale for defecation skills was used to evaluate defecation skills before and seven days after treatment. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test and to assess the e