Renewable energy: photovoltaic solar and wind energy

Energy production is directly related to the issues of humanity's economic development, arising from the industrial revolution through the application of steam engines in the production system. In this context, the need arises for the improvement and expansion of the means of production by renewable matrices, that is, the generation of energy through sunlight and winds. To support this growth, studies are needed at the national level to produce and provide reliable information on possible locations for the deployment of wind resources throughout the national territory. The in-depth discussion of the socioeconomic impacts of these technologies has gained ground and becomes even more intense and important in periods of low economic growth. Although wind energy is associated with significant environmental benefits such as mitigating the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere, there are other aspects related to environmental preservation that cannot be overlooked. The environmental impacts generated by solar photovoltaic projects are closely related to their location, the physical and climatic characteristics of the site and the characteristics of local ecosystems. From the socio-economic point of view, income and employment generation grow in places of poor development, as it is further removed from the large urban centers. Therefore, the deployment of energy from the sun and wind is indispensable, not only because it reduces impacts on the environment, but also because it is a source of clean energy generation, as well as contributing to sustainable development.