Edge Detection Operators on Digital Image

Edge detection is a fundamental tool, which is commonly used in many image processing applications to obtain information from images. Edge detection significantly reduces the amount of data and filters out useless information, while preserving the important structural properties in an image. Since edge detection is at the forefront of image processing for object detection, it is crucial to have a good understanding of edge detection methods. Detection of edge is a terminology in image processing and computer vision mainly in the areas of feature detection and extraction to refer to the algorithms which aims at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or more formally has discontinuities. In this paper, classified and comparative study of edge detection algorithms on digital image and video's frames are presented. Experimental results prove that Canny operator is better than Prewitt and Sobel for the selected frames. This paper evaluates the performance of Canny, Sobel and Prewitt Edge Detector for detection of object in frames. The software is developed using MATLAB R2010a.It has been observed that the Canny operator gives the best results in comparison to the Sobel and Prewitt operator.