Semantic syncretism of tactile adjectives (based on the material of Russian, English and Spanish languages)

The article is devoted to the study of derivative meanings of Russian, English and Spanish tactile adjectives formed as a result of synesthetic transference. The lexical-semantic group of tactile adjectives is a productive source for the formation of synesthetic phrases. They are actively used for the differentiated description of visual, gustatory, auditory, temperature and olfactory sensations. The aim of the study is to establish the basic models of the synesthetic use of tactile adjectives in Russian, English and Spanish languages. The research materials allowed us to determine that the transfer of meaning of tactile adjectives covers all sense spheres. Namely, the main vectors are tactile-visual, tactile-gustatory, tactile-auditory, tactile-olfactory synesthesias. Comparison of tactile adjectives that have a synesthetic transfer from the tactile sphere to other areas of sensory perception, collected on the basis of the Russian National Corpus, the British National Corpus «BNC» and the Contemporary Spanish Corpus «CREA» allowed us to detect significant coincidences in the studied languages, which indicates the similarity in the nature of semantic processes.