Biochemical and Immunological Markers of Blood Serum of Patients with Spondylolisthesis and Unstable Vertebral Segments of the Lumbar Spine

The article deals with the issue of determining the biochemical and immunological serum markers of patients with spondylolisthesis and instability of spine segments of the lumbar spine. Material and methods. 30 patients were examined, 12 of them had instability of vertebral and motor segments, and 18 had spondylolisthesis. The control group comprised 30 patients, aged from 27 to 50, 13 of them were men and 17 – women. Results and discussion. The content of glycoproteins in patients with spondylolisthesis increased by 44.1 %, in patients with instability – by 70.6 %. Indicator chondroitin sulfates increased in patients with spondylolisthesis by 3.1 times, in patients with instability – by 2.8 times compared with the control group. The level of β-lipoprotein increased in blood of patients with spondylolisthesis and instability by 34.4 % and 42.6 %, respectively. It confirms the presence of concomitant lipid metabolism disorders. At spondylolisthesis, the activity of creatinephosphokinase decreased by 46.2 %, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase increased by 87.4 %. The activity of creatinephosphokinase decreased in patients with instability by 35.1 %, and lactate dehydrogenase increased by 2.37 times compared to the control group. In the study of cytokines, IL-1 and IL-6 levels were increased in comparison with the control group. In patients with spondylolisthesis, IL-1 was increased 6.7 times, IL-6 – 3.2 times; in patients with instability IL-1 increased by 5.5 times, IL-6 – 3 times. Blood content of IL-4 did not change. Conclusions. An increase in the blood serum content of glycoproteins and chondroitin sulfates indicates an inflammatory process, which is accompanied by destructive changes in the cartilage and bone tissue of the affected vertebral segments. In the study of cytokines in patients with spondylolisthesis and instability of spine segments of the lumbar spine, IL-1 and IL-6 levels were increased, which is an important indicator of the systemic inflammatory process as well as compensatory mechanisms, since cytokines are capable of regulating the protective reactions of the organism at the systemic and local levels.