PRACTICAL TRAINING ON “PATHOMORPHOLOGY” AS A WAY TO FORM FUTURE DOCTOR’S PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE

The article presents a practical lesson analysis on the discipline “Pathomorphology” at the Department of Pathological Anatomy as a means of forming future doctor's professional competence. The main purpose of practical lesson on “Pathomorphology” is the formation of skills and abilities of pathological processes and diseases of morphological diagnostics by studying morphological pictures with the analysis of pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical symptoms of diseases. Practical lesson on “Pathomorphology” covers the analysis of incomprehensible and complex issues of the topic during the lecturer and students' interview, recognition of pathological processes and diseases main manifestations, students' independent in-class work with macro -, micro -preparations and electron diffraction patterns, solving typical situational clinical tasks with the analysis of mistakes made. The students have the opportunity to observe online autopsies in dissecting room. We created and constantly update archive videos, thematic autopsies. A multimedia presentation has been developed for each practical lesson topic of the discipline, which contains a practical lesson scenario according to the guidance papers for teachers. This presentation contains the illustrated questions in the form of flowcharts, macro- and micro-preparations, which are proposed to recognise a pathological process or disease. The main provision of modern education is to provide students with knowledge, skills and abilities that they should master, mainly in independent in-class work, managed and guided by a lecturer. For this stage of practical lesson developed an album with consideration to the peculiarities of teaching the discipline at various faculties. In the album, students draw micro-preparations, according to the scheme; describe macro-preparations, micro-preparations and electron diffraction patterns. This comprehensive approach to the study of “Pathomorphology” allows discussing divisive interpretations of complex mechanisms of pathological processes development, demonstrating modern research methods in pathological anatomy, as well as better preparing the student for the final controls, the unified state qualification exam and the exam on International fundamentals of medicine. The students' educational process in the study of the basic medical discipline “Pathomorphology” is focused on the introduction of new techniques and innovative teaching technologies. In pathological anatomy, a significant place in the assessment of the studied phenomena is given to visual macro-, microscopic, and electron-microscopic analysis of pathology. At the same time, particular importance is attributed to the visibility of the educational process, including with the use of modern multimedia technologies, which is embodied by the teachers of the Department. Active forms of education, which are used in the practical lessons on “Pathomorphology”, allow students to form basic doctor's professional competencies. The practical lesson system, which is, used on the Department of Pathological Anatomy makes it possible, first, to motivate the student to study such a complex discipline as “Pathomorphology”. It also ensures the theoretical knowledge acquisition, development and harness skills in the pathological processes and diseases of morphological diagnosis as well as to form personality, which is well versed in the professional field and has competencies for further growth in professional and personal terms.