Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Gram Negative Organisms Isolated from Medical and Neurology Intensive Care Unit with Special Reference To Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms

Introduction: Microbiological infection plays vital role in determining the outcome as well as cost and duration of the hospital stay for patients admitted in ICU setup. Therefore regular surveillance of important pathogens and its resistance pattern is mandatory. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the organisms causes infection in patients admitted in ICUs and to know resistance pattern of isolates. Material & Method: During the period from January 2012 to June 2012, total of 583 samples (blood, respiratory tract, urine etc.) from patients admitted in medical and Neuro-ICUs were collected and processed for culture, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing according to CLSI recommendations. The medical and microbiological information were recorded from all patients whose samples were collected. Results: Out of 583, 228 (39.10%) samples were culture positive. The number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms isolated were 182 (79.82%) and 46 (20.18%) respectively. The most frequent Gram-negative organisms isolated were Pseudomonas spp. 53/182 (29.12%) followed by Acinetobacter spp. 45 (24.72%), Klebsiella spp. 42 (28.08%), Escherichia coli 35 (19.23%) and others 7 (3.85%). Out of 98, 8 (8.16%) of isolates of pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. were carbapenem resistance. Extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected in 33/84 (39.28%) of Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion: This report reveals the Microbiology profile in patients in ICUs. Regular microbiological surveillance help in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated among the patients in critical care setting.