2-aminoethyl Dihydrogen Phosphate as a Modulator of Proliferative and Apoptotic Effects in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Background: Breast cancer is a type of cancer that affects more women throughout the world, in developing and developed countries. 2-AEH2P is a phospholipid analog of cellular membrane, which makes it different from existing molecules for their absorption, stability and display anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties. Methods: MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells were treated with 2-AEH2P. The viability and adhesion cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Cell cycle phases, apoptosis, markers and mitochondrial potential were assessed by flow cytometry. Morphological ultrastructural analyzes were performed by laser confocal microscopy. Results: MCF-7 Tumor cells acquired round shapes, lost cytoplasmic expansions, formed clusters in suspension and decreased significantly viability. There were changes in the morphology, membrane fragmentation and loss of cytoplasmic projection. The obtained concentrations for IC50% were 37.2; 25.8; 1.8 mM for periods of 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Changes in the distribution of cell population phases of the cell cycle showed an increase in fragmented DNA and an increase in the G2/M phase. The expression β-gal showed proliferative reduction induced by 2-AEH2P. Laser confocal microscopy showed changes in the mitochondrial membrane and alteration in distribution. Proliferative index of MCF-7 tumor cells treated with 2-AEH2P decreased significantly when compared to fibroblast normal cells. The compound 2-AEH2P is a phospholipid with antiproliferative potential and apoptosis modulator.