COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SEMANTIC AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN TECHNICAL RAILWAY DISCOURSE LEXICAL ITEMS

Semantic and functional features of English and Russian technical railway discourse lexical items are presented in the article. The author analyses them comparatively and describes various ways of English and Russian railway discourse terms formation. On the basis of corpus-based study of the railway discourse terminological system the author researches and compares English and Russian lexical items of the professional discourse, performs comparative analysis, cultural overview, determines functionality specification of English and Russian railway discourse and matches languages equivalents within English and Russian railway terminological systems. On the basis of stylistic analysis of professional topics the most distinctive models of figurative reinterpretation within English and Russian railway terminological systems have been found. While studying English railway industry-specific glossary the author highlights the question of new terms occurrence in the railway discourse of two English-language cultures, American and British that have been formed and developed in grade-separated social and cultural conditions. Each terminological system has its own structural-typological national idiomatic sphere. As a result of the research the bridge principles of inter-language correspondence within the technical Russian and English railway sublanguages were detected and delivered. The comparative analysis performed has distinguished the specific ways of scientific though development fixation that differ in different languages