SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTIC OF THE TERMS OF ASTRONOMY, FUNCTSEMANTIC CHARACTERISTIC OF THE TERMS OF ASTRONOMY, FUNCTIONING IN THE TEXTS OF SCIENTIFIC MONOGRAPHSIONING IN THE TEXTS OF SCIENTIFIC MONOGRAPHS

The article is devoted to a comprehensive semantic characterization of astronomy terms, functioning in the Russian and English texts of scientific monographs. Fragmentary studies of semantic features of the terms of astronomy in different languages are concentrated in several main areas: a) the study of the paradigmatic relations between lexical units, which form the astronomy term system; b) reconstruction of the semantic structure of the term units making up this particular sphere; c) the quantity of models, according to which the terminological nomination of scientific concepts of astronomy is realized. The present paper discusses only the first two aspects of the semantics of the terms of astronomy. The author describes the main types of paradigmatic relations in astronomy terminology: synonymy, antonymy, hypero-hyponymy and semantic decomposition. The systemic relationships of the terms within a terminology system are predetermined by the character of correlation of the concepts that are verbalized by these terms. The material revealed three types of relationships among astronomy term units: synonymy (33.5% of all analyzed terms that form paradigmatic relations in the texts), antonymy (29,4 %) and hypero-hyponymy (21,9 %). From the point of view of their semantic structure, it has been shown that the main bulk of terms used in the Russian and English books on astronomy, is made up by the core terms with semantic periphery (about 70 %). As result of the conducted research the author comes to the conclusion that the ability of term units to enter paradigmatic relationship is a direct consequence of the systemic character of scientific cognition and a scientific picture of the world