OPENNESS AND NONLINEARITY AS THE BACKGROUND OF THE SELF-ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESSES IN THE BANKING SYSTEM

The article examines the features of the banking system in accordance with a synergistic approach, which is most appropriate in the study of complex non-linear systems that are capable of self-organization, characterized by instability and disequilibrium. It has been proven that the openness of the banking system implies its ability to exchange information, monetary resources with the external environment or with other complex systems; as a result, any changes in the system do not disappear, but accumulate, which leads to the emergence of new structures in the system (self-organization). The banking system is also characterized by the property of adaptability, which implies the ability of the system to adapt to the real market conditions in which it operates. The study found that the property of nonlinearity is a disproportionate reaction of the banking system to changes in the internal and external environment, so any moment should be considered the moment or stage of the evolution of the system, ensuring the process of its development. It has been proven that non-linear positive feedbacks can speed up the processes of self-organization and self-development of the banking system by choosing the most efficient way out of all possible options. Nonlinearity and instability in a synergistic approach are considered the main sources of diversity and complexity of the banking system. The essence of disequilibrium is considered, as the prerequisites and properties of a banking system capable of self-organization. It was emphasized that non-equilibrium is the driving force of structural changes in open, non-linear systems, since it is precisely at the moment when the economic system loses its functional stability that self-organization processes can occur. A characteristic feature of such processes is that the system spontaneously moves to a new level of organization and at the same time chooses the optimal path and direction of functioning. It is proposed to consider the banking system as an open, non-linear, adaptive economic system that is capable of self-organization. This predetermines the need to use the scientific assumptions of the theory of chaos and fractals in our further studies of transformation processes in the banking system.