RISK FACTORS AND PROTECTION FACTORS FOR THE COVID‑19 EPIDEMIC AND VACCINATION AS A POSSIBLE MEANS OF CONTROLLING THE EPIDEMIC

A study of the impact of especially contextual on COVID‑19 factors of the epidemic (geopolitical, climatic, socio-economic integration, social, including religious, demographic and others) was conducted. The regional dynamics of the epi‑ demic in the Scandinavian countries was analyzed. The spatio-­temporal changes of the epidemic indicators in the conditions of loyalty to risk factors (Sweden) and in the conditions of controlled risks (in other countries of the Scandinavian region) were revealed. The current research of scientists on the formation of herd immunity in the population with and without vaccination programs was generalized. The article evaluated the quality of the vaccination program in Ukraine. The threshold indicator «herd immunity» and the number of months to achieve herd immunity in Ukraine without vaccination were calculated according to a special method.