Anti-Müllerian Hormone Related to Reproductive and Productive Longevity in Egyptian Buffaloes

In Egypt, few measures were introduced to improve the reproductive performance rin buffaloes and up to quite recently little efforts were made to improve their genetic potential. Although anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is the most reliable endocrine marker in assessing the potential for fertility over the ages, there is no age-specific reference range for peripheral AMH levels in buffaloes. The present field study aimed to establish age-specific serum AMH concentrations in buffaloes and their relation to reproductive and productive longevity.The conceivable relationships between Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) concentrations with reproductive longevity and improve the buffalo’s productivity were investigated by examining pregnancy rates and early pregnancy loss in three different age groups of buffaloes. Group 1 (heifer 18-24 months, n =15), Group 2 (buffaloes 3-6 years, n = 15), and Group 3 (old buffaloes 6-10 years, n = 15) were synchronized and time fixed inseminated. A single blood sample per animal was taken during oestrus just before artificial insemination (AI), (Day 0) for the AMH analysis. The result revealed that highest serum AMH concentrations were in the heifer group (154.1 7 ± 12.62) pg/ml, P < 0.05) Moreover, AMH concentrations and conception rates decreased with age. The AMH concentrations were higher in the pregnant animals at day 30 than in the non-pregnant and pregnancy loss animals between day 30 and day 60 after AI in each group. To the best of our knowledge this study provides first-hand information on age-specific serum AMH levels in Egyptian buffaloes. In conclusion, the AMH concentration analysis could be consider a remarkable biomarker for reproductive and productive longevity in buffaloes.