Lead exposure through eggs in Iran: health risk assessment
Journal: "Foods and Raw materials" Journal (Vol.9, No. 1)Publication Date: 2021-04-20
Authors : Sajad Faryabi; Mohsen Ghorbiani; Hadi Haghbin Nazarpak; Azadeh Rashidimehr;
Page : 184-191
Keywords : Heavy metals; laying hen farm; estimated daily intake (EDI); carcinogenic risk (CR); lead; eggs;
Abstract
Introduction. Contamination of food, including animal protein sources, with heavy metals is a major threat to humans. The aim of this research was to determine lead concentrations in eggs from different Iranian regions and assess risks to human health. Study objects and methods. In this study, lead concentrations in eggs produced at laying hen farms in Qom, Isfahan (Kashan city), and Khorasan Razavi (Mashhad city) provinces were measured by an atomic absorption device. Health risk was estimated using the Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) model. Results and discussion. The levels of lead in eggs were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) among the three regions. They were lower than the permissible limit (0.1 mg/kg) for Kashan (0.0756 mg/kg) and Mashhad (0.0633 mg/kg), but eggs from Qom contained 0.1163 mg/kg of lead. In all the three regions, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of lead was lower than the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI), indicating no health risk for lead through egg consumption among Iranian consumers. Also, no risks were detected for adults in terms of non-cancer risk, or target hazard quotients (THQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR) of lead (THQ < 1 and CR < 10–6). Conclusion. The results of this study indicated that lead health risk through egg consumption is within safe limits. However, the nutritional importance and high consumption of eggs among households necessitate a more careful monitoring of lead concentrations to meet public health requirements.
Other Latest Articles
- Mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed in Saudi Arabia: review of occurrence and toxicity
- Egyptian kishk as a fortificant: Impact on the quality of biscuit
- Secondary metabolites in in vitro cultures of Siberian medicinal plants: Content, antioxidant properties, and antimicrobial characteristics
- Influence of blackberry juice addition on mead fermentation and quality
- Social responsibility as the dominant driver of the evolution of reporting from financial to non-financial: theory and methodology
Last modified: 2021-04-28 11:33:32