Survival and Prognostic Factors in Adults Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Analysis of 119 Cases

Background:?Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease with significant identified prognostic factors. Therefore our aim was to develop an Assessment Scheme of Prognosis in AML based on prognostic factors. In some counties, such as Romania or other less-highly developed countries, this scheme would be beneficial particularly when cytogenetic testing is unavailable or time-intensive. Methods:?We analyzed 119 adult patients with AML during a five year-period from a single-center in Romania. We retrospectively collected and analyzed data with Epi Info and Excel using patient medical records.?Results:?According to age, the group A1 (<60 years) had a 40 months survival, in contrast with the group B1 (?60 years) with a survival of 19 months (p=0,0063). The group A2 (secondary AML) survived 15 months, whereas the group B2 (AML de novo) survived 40 months (p=0.0021). Additionally, the group A3 (mild comorbidities) achieved a 40 months survival, the group B3 (moderate comorbidities) survived 19 months, whereas the group C3 (severe comorbidities) survived 7 months (p=0,0059). According to WBC and blast number, the group A4 (high levels) had a 25 months survival, whereas the group B4 (low levels) survived 40 months (p=0,0057).?Conclusion:?The prognostic factors studied are useful to identify the risk level of AML disease for each patient at diagnosis. We developed an assessment scheme of prognosis with three risk groups according to age, secondary AML, comorbidity, WBC and blasts and cytogenetic examination.