Conceptual Modeling of a Tramcar

This paper discusses the issues of conceptual modeling of a new tramcar. A historical review is made, the current state of the issue is assessed, some existing concepts of new tramcars are described. Modern publications on this topic are presented and analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, the design task was formulated, search sketches were presented, and the concept of product design was selected taking into account ergonomic standards. The projection drawings are presented; the stages of three-dimensional modeling of the product are given, based on the method of polygonal modeling. For the assignment of materials and textures, a special library of materials was selected, light sources based on traced light rays were installed. The rendering of a shaded three-dimensional model of the proposed concept of a tramcar is given and the prospects for the future use of tram transport are described.