School Promotion to Smoking-Related Knowledge, Attitude, Self-Efficacy and Practice of Sundanese Students in Indonesia

The impact of smoking is both a threat and challenge to the nation. Schools have particular advantage for educational initiatives because they have access to students and can encourage them to develop knowledge, attitude and practice concerning a healthy lifestyle. This research was conducted in the intervening program based on reducing or preventing smoking initiation. The design was quasi-experimental study, while data was analyzed inferentially using One Way ANOVA of Dependent Groups/Within Subjects and Independent Group/Between Subjects. Data analysis was assisted by using software STATA 12.0. The results showed the health education intervention affected positive changes in knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and practice either in Intervention 1 and 2 groups, even in the Control Group, slight behavior changes were found due to factors of school policy. Meanwhile, the best changes that linearly increased through three time measurements in variables of knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and practice were found in the Intervention 1 Group. It can be concluded that policy factors determine the success of health promotion and education. On one hand, schools are under the Department of Education and Culture, while community activities are referred to the Department of Home Affairs. Therefore, improved cooperation between these two relevant departments is needed to regulate smoking and enhance the implementation of smoking prevention policies in schools.