Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Tertiary Health Care-Center, Ahmedabad, Western India

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue. India being highest TB burden country needs concern. It was found that the percentage of patients with EPTB (Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis) was more in tertiary care centers of India, ranging from 12 % to 28.5 %. The primary objective of this study was to describe the basic demographic, clinical characteristics and risk factors of Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis in patients, registered at DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy, Short course) center of tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, record-based study of patients of EPTB, at Sheth V. S. and C. M. Hospital, Smt. N. H. L Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, from January 2018 to December 2018. Results: Among 710 cases registered for treatment of all forms of tuberculosis, 540 (76.1 %) had PTB (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) and 170 (23.9 %) had EPTB. The ratio of percentage EPTB: PTB is 1: 3.17. Commonest type of EPTB was found in cases of lymph nodes and lymphatic (35.8 %), followed by TB in pleural cavity (22.9 %). Among different age groups studied, the age group of 20-39 years had the highest proportion of EPTB both in males and females which is the economically productive population of society. Conclusion: The frequency of EPTB in this study was higher (23.9 %) with the highest proportion in lymph node (35.8 %). The burden of EPTB is more among the productive age group, moreover, being male, young adults and having associated diabetes mellitus were significant risk factors for patient being EPTB positive.