Impact of Chronic Periodontitis on Pulp Sensibility Evaluated by Electric Pulp Tester

Introduction: Dental pulp and periodontium are closely related and the effect of pulp necrosis on periodontal tissues are documented. Chronic periodontitis as being a state of chronic irritation might lead to pulp degeneration. Electric pulp test can be used when occlusion of dentinal tubules is suspected to evaluate pulp status. Negative responses are highly likely indicate necrotic pulp. Methods and materials: 112 single-rooted teeth selected from 22 patients with chronic periodontitis who sought treatment at dental departments of RMS hospitals (King Hussein Medical Hospital and Prince Zaid Military Hospital) were tested.10 male and 12 female patients with ages ranging from 30 to 70. Teeth were divided into two groups: group 1 alveolar bone loss without apical involvement (tooth apex not reached), and group 2 alveolar bone loss with apical involvement. Electric pulp tester (Digitest II, TECHNOMEDICS) (fig.1) was used to assess pulpal status by direct stimulation of sensory fibers. Data was collected and analyzed. Results: (Table.1) One hundred and twelve teeth that met the inclusion criteria were assessed in this study. Electric pulp tests showed a higher number of teeth with a negative pulp response for group 2 and a significantly higher number of teeth with a positive pulp response in group 1. Conclusion: within the limitations of this study it was concluded that pulp necrosis (negative response to electric pulp tester) due to periodontal disease did not occur unless the root apex is involved.