Evaluation of Serum Bilirubin and Magnesium in Cardiovascular Diseases

Objectives objectives of this study were to assess the serum bilirubin and magnesium concentrations as markers for coronary artery disease (CAD). Background Lipid oxidation and formation of oxygen radicals are important elements of arterial plaque formation and atherosclerosis, and are involved in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD). Because bilirubin has antioxidant properties, it has been suggested that it may have a protective role in the atherosclerotic process. Magnesium, the fourth most abundant cation in the human body, is involved in several essential physiological, biochemical, and cellular processes regulating cardiovascular function. It play critical role in modulating vascular smooth muscle tone, atherosclerosis, and CAD. Together with bilirubin, magnesium has anti-inflammatory and anti-ischemic properties, it may have protective role in the CAD. Methodology study was conducted on 50 known patient of CAD of age between 20-60 years were included in the study. Same numbers of healthy control subjects of the same range of age were selected from general population with no history of CAD, smoking, hypertension. The information about name, age, sex and duration of illness was recorded in a Performa. Patients of CAD with jaundice were excluded from study. Blood samples of patients and controls were drawn from vein for determination of serum bilirubin and magnesium level. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS software. Results The results had shown that the serum bilirubin and magnesium levels were lower in the cases when compared to the control group, the results were statistically significant. Conclusion According to results, there was significant inverse relation between serum bilirubin and magnesium level and coronary artery disease. Higher serum bilirubin and magnesium levels played a protective role against CAD, even in the presence of other risk factor. Therefore bilirubin and magnesium level can be used as a predictor of CAD in the future.