Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Fagonia arabica L., Used as Traditional Medicinal plant in Libyan

The main objective of this study is phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic extracts, of one medicinal plant from Libya, Namely Fagonia Arabic L. Results of phytochemical analysis, Qualitative analyzed of crude extracts (aqueous, ethanolic) were tannins, phenols, proteins, terpenoids, saponins and alkaloids were present in the aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts of leaves, while the resins, glycosides and coumarins, is not present in ethanolic extract of Fagonia Arabica L. And for Quantitive analyzed the percentage yield of crude extracts of leaves for this plant 93 % in the aqueous extract, and the percentage yield for ethanolic extract was 80 %, while the alkaloids 13 % and the saponins were 17 %, and for the flavonoids were 12 %. The antibacterial activity of the leaves extract of this plant was determined using Disc Diffusion Method. The leaves extracts exhibited a significant antibacterial activity, along with the capability of the crude extracts were to inhibit Gram-negative bacteria more than the Gram-positive. The important antibacterial activities were observed in the Fagonia Arabica ethanolic extract (14mm) of Klebsiella pneumonia, As for the other plant extracts, the zone of inhibition was as the follows (9mm) for plant aqueous extract of Fagonia Arabica against Klebsiella pneumonia, (13 and 10mm) for plants extracts against Escherichia coli. Besides aqueous and ethanolic extracts against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis were (negative, 12, negative and 10mm) respectively, while (10 mm) for the ethanolic extract of Fagonia Arabica against Staphylococcus aureus.