Various Ocular Morbidity Following Concussion Injury of the Eye ? A Clinical Study

Aim To study the various ocular morbidities following concussion injury of the eye with respect to mode of injury, sites involved and visual outcome. Materials& Methods The present study included 105 cases of blunt ocular trauma resulting in concussion injury. A detailed history and thorough ocular examinations were done.0ptical coherence tomography (OCT), Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), Computed tomography (CT-scan), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were also done whenever required. Results Our study found that majority of cases were in the age group of 21-30 years (24.76 %). Male were affected more with male to female ratio 3.2 1. Most common mode of injury was the domestic accidents (44.7 %). Common ocular morbidities of anterior segment were corneal edema (38.09 %), hyphema (19.04 %), traumatic cataract (14.28 %) and subluxated lens (11.42 %). Common posterior segment morbidities observed were Vitreous hemorrhage (15.23 %), macular edema (7.61 %), retinal detachment (5.71 %) and traumatic optic neuropathy (6.66 %). Visual outcome at 6 weeks [according to world health organization (WHO) definition] were (46.72 %) with normal vision, (16.82 %) with mild visual impairment, (9.34 %) with severe visual impairment, while (18.69 %) with blindness and (4.67 %) had no perception of light. Conclusion - The concussion injury of the eye is a major cause of ocular morbidities and can produce visual impairment of varying degree ranging from slight or no impairment of vision to permanent blindness. It is a complex, multi-structural involvement which requires specialized ophthalmic training to develop the expertise for corrective and reparative ocular surgeries.