Optimization of Geocast Routing in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

Routing is challenging task in the ad hoc networks especially in Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) where the network topology changes fast and frequently. Since the nodes in VANETs are vehicles, which are not stable and changing their position frequently. In Geocast routing a geographic region is chosen which may be a circle, rectangle, polygon or any other region. Circular region is mostly chosen for routing. Over the last 10 years, a variety of routing protocols have been developed and their performance simulations are made by network researchers. In order to operate the Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks more efficiently suitableon-demand routing protocols have to be incorporated, to find effective routes between source and destination. In the thesis, we have used Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization (GA-PSO) protocol for the routing in network. At same time Ad hoc On Demand Vector Routing Protocol (AODV) routing table is used by Hybrid algorithm for sending and receiving data between nodes. The Hybrid GA-PSO gives information about best position of nodes and also information about more stable nodes (Fitness of Nodes). At same time opportunistic routing is used in which only those nodes are participate in routing which are more stable and have best position.