Histological Study of Chick Embryo Retina Exposed To Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From 2G Cell Phone

The mobile phone technology has become an integral part in everyones life. It emits a pulsed radiofrequency electromagnetic field which is absorbed into the users body particularly the head region. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the possible tissue damage in developing retina of chick embryo following chronic exposure of radiofrequency radiation emitted from 2G cell phone. Fertilized chick embryos were incubated in three groups (Group A-sham control, Group B- experimental and Group C- control) in a standard egg incubator. Group B was exposed to radiation emitted from a 2G cell phone. On completion of scheduled duration, the embryos were collected and gross morphological features were noted. The three group embryos were processed for routine histological studies. The thickness of each layer of the retina was measured using oculometer and then compared statistically. Our study concludes that the exposure of chick embryos to radiation emitted from 2G cell phone increased the thicknesses of internal nuclear layer, internal plexiform layer, ganglion layer, optic nerve fibre layer and total retinal thickness. Exposure also caused structural changes in the form of increased spaces between the cells and the disintegration of optic nerve fibers.