A Survey on Enhanced Energy Efficient Data Gathering Scheme in Wireless Sensor Network

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of small sensor nodes with sensing, computation and communication capabilities. The sensor nodes are randomly deployed in distributed environment. The main goal of this paper is to form clusters of sensor nodes and to perform Data Aggregation to collect the data by maintaining the energy efficiency so that the network lifetime can be increased. Network lifetime is an important issue in an energy constrained sensor networks. The most widely used Expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm along with proposed Neighborhood density based clustering algorithm is used for clustering process and Directed Diffusion is used for data aggregation. One of the main problem in directed diffusion is the implementation of flooding diffusion which is used to forward interest and discover the routing map that reduces network lifetime and data latency through high energy consumption.