The Role of Obesity to Inflammatory Factor and Dyslipidemia in Children

Introduction Obesity that occurs in childhood will be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Inflammation is one of the critical processes associated with the progression of insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and obesity is considered as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Obesity leads to increased levels in pro-inflammatory cytokines, one of them is TNF-. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study had been conducted from February until March 2015 on Junior High School students (Nusantaras, Islam Athirahs, and Fraters), aged 13-15 years in Makassar who met the criteria for obesity. The samples were divided into two groups obese group and well-nourish group of children. Results The numbers of sample that met the criteria were 80 students, consisted of 40 obese students and 40 well-nourish ones. The result of bivariate analyses revealed that TNF-, triglycerides, LDL, and total cholesterol levels, as well as frequency of dyslipidemia were higher in obese children group compared to the group of well-nourished ones, while HDL level was lower in obese children compared to the group of well-nourished, i. e TNF- (p=0.000), total cholesterol (p=0.005), triglycerides (p=0.000), LDL (p=0.000), HDL (p=0.005), and dyslipidemia (p=0.000, OR 16.238 with 95 % CI (5.391 to 48.914)). Conclusion The high level of TNF-, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, low level of HDL, and high frequency of dyslipidemia were more common in obese children than in a group of well-nourished.