Production of Nanofibres using Rotary Jet Spinning Method for Tissue Engineering

Textile industry is a vast field in which the branch medical textile is growing one. The base for tissue engineering/medical textile is a textile material which acts as a backbone of Medical field. Various method of producing nanofibers for tissue engineering is a developing field of textiles, in which so many researches are going on. There is a great scope in this field where new inventions are being welcomed. Tissue Engineering is the reliable field which involves the principles of engineering, combination of cells and other factors, which helps in tissue repair and regeneration. To overcome the drawbacks with donor organs, tissue engineering was developed. Tissues are the group of cells with similar structure working together for specific function. There are four main tissues in the body. In case of any injury to the human tissue, to replace and repair the host one, tissue engineering is used. Nanofibers are the fibers with diameter less than 100nm. Nanofibers are produced by various techniques such as Electrospinning, Self-assembly, Rotary Jet spinning (RJS) method etc, in which RJS method is a developing one, which gives very high output than any other method. Tissue engineering with nanofibrous structure provides high surface area, adequate pore size, porosity, and biocompatibility. Nanofibrous structure can mimic the host architecture and functions. It also provides good mechanical properties and assists in cell adhesion, growth and proliferation. Some polymers produced as nanofibers are also biodegradable which mimic the activities of host and also helps to prevent further surgeries to remove the artificial one. They degrade by its own as the new tissue starts to grow. Thus the nanofibrous structure is suitable for biomedical applications and tissue engineering such as Skin, Cartilage etc. , This article explains about tissue engineering, necessity for tissue engineering, how it is done, nanofibers and its properties and the different types of production methods of nanofibers.