An Efficient Routing Protocol design and Optimizing Sensor Coverage Area in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) represent a new paradigm shift in ad-hoc networks. Wireless Sensor Networks consists of small nodes with sensing, computation and communication capabilities. The sensor networks task is to sense the environment, and relay the information back to a remote base station using multi-hop infrastructure less architecture, where the user can access it. Also since power awareness is an essential design issue in designing a routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks, a novel hierarchical based clustering protocol called Efficient Routing Protocol (ERP) for data gathering and aggregation is also proposed for long-lived sensor networks. This proposed protocol handles the redundancy of data problem by using a proper routing tree construction method, thus, ensuring that only effective data is being transmitted through the network. Also it ensures good performance in terms of lifetime by minimizing power consumption for in-network communications and balancing the power load among all the nodes.