A Novel Combination of Resolvin D2 and Calcium Hydroxide as an Intracanal Medicament

Introduction and Aim: Resolvins are lipid mediators that are released during the resolution phase of inflammation and regulate tissue repair. Previous literature has identified the antimicrobial potential of RvD2. The present study aimed at identifying the minimum inhibitory concentration of RvD2 against E faecalis and determining if the combination of RvD2 and calcium hydroxide has any synergistic antimicrobial effect. Materials and Method: The antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated using the agar diffusion test by determining the zone of inhibition. MIC was defined as the minimum concentration of extract that caused 80% inhibition in growth of test microorganism. For statistical analysis of data, multiple comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the LSD test for post hoc analysis. Statistical significance was accepted at a level of P<0.05. Results: The zone of inhibition observed around the disc impregnated with RvD2 (10.8 ± 0.9 mm) was smaller as compared to calcium hydroxide (11.4 ± 0.54mm). However this difference was statistically significant. The maximum zone of inhibition was seen around the disc impregnated with a combination of RvD2 and calcium hydroxide (15.4 ± 0.98mm) which was highly significant. The MIC value of RvD2 was 1.5 µg/ml and the MBC value was 2.0 µg/ml. Conclusion: Resolvin D2 has shown comparable antimicrobial activity to that of calcium hydroxide against E faecalis. The combination of RvD2 and calcium hydroxide has a significant synergistic antimicrobial effect.