Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles - An In vitro Study

Introduction: Magnesium oxide (MgO) is an important inorganic material & has shown a promising role for applications in medicine. MgONPs have unique properties like high chemical stability, high photo catalytic activity and non-toxic nature. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the cytotoxic effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONps) synthesized using Phyllanthus emblica (amla) fruit seed. Materials and Methods: MgONPs were synthesised using Phyllanthus emblica fruit seed extract, and cytotoxic effects of synthesized MgONPs were assessed using brine shrimp lethality assay. Result and Discussion: The plant extract color was green and when it reacted with magnesium nitrate solution it changed to brown color which indicated the synthesis of MgONPs. The MgONPs have a characteristic band in the ultraviolet visible (UV) region due to their surface plasmon resonance. The graph reached its peak at a wavelength of 385.0 nm. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of newly synthesised nanoparticles.At lower concentrations no cytotoxic effects were observed and at higher concentrations mild cytotoxic effects were observed. Conclusion: Bio synthesization of MgONPs showed promising results for biomedical applications. Further studies must be conducted at embryonic level, animal studies & in vitro studies to study the cytotoxicity of Magnesium oxide nanoparticles in detail.