Analysis Of Periodontal Status Among Smokers And Non-Smokers - A Retrospective Study

Periodontitis is defined as an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissue of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms or a specific group of microorganisms, resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both. Smoking is a known risk factor and it adversely affects the periodontal health. The aim of the study was to analyse the periodontal status among smokers and non-smokers. We reviewed and analysed the data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020, among which a total of 2320 patients' details containing both smokers and non-smokers along with their periodontal status were collected. The documented information included patients age, gender, habits and periodontal score. Periodontitis among the smokers and non-smokers was predominant among 46-60 years (53.1%) of age group. The prevalence of Gingivitis was highly predominant among smokers (89.14%) and non-smokers (71.98%) when compared to periodontitis. On comparing the periodontal status, the highest prevalence of periodontitis with periodontal score was 2-5 among the non-smokers (46.3%) and smokers (47.62%). Within the limits of this study, periodontal score of 2-5 was highly prevalent among the smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease being more prevalent among the non-smokers than the smokers, predominantly affecting the age group of 46-60 years. Hence, regular dental visits and enrollment of smokers in smoking cessation programs will prevent periodontitis among non-smokers and smokers respectively.