Features of Management of Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in the Early Postoperative Period

Objectives: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is the most performed surgical procedure to treat coronary heart disease. Along with the standard medical treatment, the rehabilitation program and exercise activities should be implemented in the treatment process to avoid adverse preoperative events. Methods: Of the 132 patients, 30 patients received isolated CABG, 30 patients - mitral valve prosthesis, and 72 patients underwent concomitant CABG + mitral valve surgery. The common drug treatments after CABG were aspirin, clopidogrel, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, statins. The rehabilitation program, including physical and psychological therapy, was initiated from the first postoperative day and continued throughout the hospital stay. Results: The duration of physical therapy was a course of 10-12 days with a further transition to the next stage of rehabilitation treatment. Of the 132 operated patients, only 37 (28%) had an adequate mental state. The remaining 95 (72%) patients had significant mental changes including neurosis (20 cases), anxiety-depressive state (49 cases), hypochondria (19 cases), hysteria (7 cases). Through the individual approach and medical treatment, 121 (91.7%) patients had an adequate mental state on days 12-14 postoperatively. The mortality was in 8.3% (11patients). Conclusions: The implementation of rehabilitation programs including physical and psychological therapy accelerates convalescence periodand return to normal life of early post-CABG patients.