Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Lifestyle Modifications for Prevention of Modifiable Risk Factors for Myocardial Infarction among Cardiac Patients Admitted in Various Wards of Indira Gandhi Medical C

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are burden on both individual and healthcare providers. Cardiovascular disease is an umbrella term for a number of linked pathologies among them one is myocardial infarction or heart attack. A change in lifestyle significantly reduces the risk of heart attack by modifying modifiable risk factors such as smoking, tobacco chewing, alcohol drinking, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia etc. The strength of scientific literature supporting the health promoting effect of positive lifestyle habits and play important role in prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: The study was conducted with a main objective to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding lifestyle modifications for prevention of modifiable risk factors for myocardial infarction among cardiac patients. Methodology: A pre experimental study was conducted in Jan 2021 in I. G. M. C and hospital Shimla.60 cardiac patients were selected on the basis of convenient sampling technique. Structured teaching programme regarding lifestyle modifications for prevention of modifiable risk factors for myocardial infarction was provided to the patients. The pre-test before structured teaching programme and post-test (after one week) was assessed. Data was collected by self designed questionnaire related to lifestyle modifications for prevention of modifiable risk factors for myocardial infarction. The gathered data was analysed by calculating mean, median, mean percentage, mean difference, standard deviation, paired t-test, to evaluate knowledge score and chi square test to find association of knowledge with selected demographic variables. Results: The study findings showed that in pre-test majority of 42 (70%) patients had average knowledge, 4 (6.7%) patients had poor knowledge. In post test majority of 43 (71.7%) patients had good knowledge, 0 (0%) patients had poor knowledge regarding lifestyle modification for prevention of modifiable risk factors for myocardial infarction. Conclusion: The Structured teaching programme has improved post interventional knowledge score of cardiac patients regarding lifestyle modifications for prevention of modifiable risk factors for myocardial infarction.