Review of the application and mechanism of surface enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) as biosensor for the study of biological and chemical analyzes

Raman spectroscopy is an important method for the identification of molecules that is widely used to determine the chemical and structural properties of various materials. Many materials have special Raman spectra so that this phenomenon can it has become an effective tool for studying the structural and chemical properties of molecules. Since Raman spectroscopy can provide accurate information on the chemical and structural properties of biological compounds, this method is used in the field of science. Vital and especially in biological and medical studies is rapidly expanding. Raman is inherently weak and sometimes masked by noise and fluorescence. As a result, the study of low-concentration molecules is not feasible and the need to amplify the Raman scattering signal is clearly felt. . One of the efficient methods for studying low and even single molecular concentrations is the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) method. It uses gold, silver, copper and noble metal nanoparticles to enhance the Raman scattering signal. . SERS has been rapidly expanding over the past four decades, as applications for recognition in the fields of chemistry, materials sciences, biochemistry and biosciences are rapidly expanding. Advances in the manufacture of SERS-based biosensors are a major breakthrough in the detection of biological materials in which the electromagnetic field (effect) molecule is affected by the external field, this larger substitute field due to electromagnetic resonance near the metal surface is formed. Mechanisms of electromagnetic field (field effect) amplifiers mainly contribute to the development of SERS, which includes the study of detection performance, direct and indirect fabrication methods for the identification of biological and chemical analytes, Applications of biosensors, amplifiers, and SERS-based biosensor structures to detect biomolecules are briefly described.